Kesubos Chapter 13, Mishnah 1. This chapter deals with a variety of disputes, most of which relate to the laws of kesubos, though not all. The Mishnah opens: "Shnei dayanei gezeiros hayu bi'Yerushalayim" - there were two judges of decrees in Jerusalem, two judges who ruled in matters of decrees, that is, ordinances. The Gemara explains that the decrees they issued were fines imposed on robbers. These were important judges, and the Mishnah lists the cases in which their colleagues disagreed with them.
The two judges and those who disagreed with them:
Chanan ben Avishalom - "Chanan omer shnei devarim": he stated two rulings, and the sons of the Kohanim Gedolim disagreed with him about them.
Admon - "v'Admon omer shivah": he stated seven rulings, and the Sages disagreed with him on all seven.
The first case - support for the wife of a man who traveled overseas:
"Mi shehalach li'medinas hayam v'ishto tova'as mezonos" - a husband who traveled abroad, and his wife claims that she needs support and access to his property. The husband is not present, and she needs her livelihood. In such a case the court goes down to his property and sells from it in order to provide her with support.
The question before us is whether she must swear that she has not already collected support and that her husband did not set aside and leave her funds for her support. She is indeed required to swear to this, and the question is when this oath is administered.
"Chanan omer tishava ba'sof v'lo tishava ba'techilah" - that is, she swears at the end, when she comes to collect her kesubah, and not at the beginning, when she comes to collect her support. There are two situations in which this applies:
It became known with certainty that the husband died overseas, and now she comes to collect her kesubah - at that point she swears at the end that she did not put away any funds.
The husband returned from overseas and claims, "I did in fact leave you funds for support" - and she must swear that he left her nothing.
The sons of the Kohanim Gedolim, who functioned as a sort of court of Kohanim, disagreed with him: true, at the end she swears when she comes to collect her kesubah, whether he died or whether he returned and it became clear that she was mistaken, but at the beginning as well, when she comes to collect support, she must swear that he left her nothing. In their view she swears at the beginning and at the end, whereas Chanan held that she swears only at the end.
The Gemara adds that even when the court takes from the property in order to provide her with support, it does so only after three months have passed from the time the husband left for abroad. The reason is the presumption that a person does not leave his home empty, and at the very least there is food for three months in it, or money for food. Only after three months do they go down to his property and begin selling from it.
In summary: In this Mishnah we learned about the two judges of decrees who were in Jerusalem - Admon and Chanan ben Avishalom - and about the disputes raised against them. In the first ruling we dealt with a woman whose husband traveled overseas and who claims support: according to Chanan she swears only at the end, when she comes to collect her kesubah, and according to the sons of the Kohanim Gedolim she swears at the beginning and at the end. We further learned from the Gemara that the court goes down to the property only after three months, because of the presumption that a person does not leave his home empty.